Preflop Hand Equities

Equity percentages in heads-up situations (2 players)

Hand Matchup Hero Equity Villain Equity
AA vs KK 82.3% 17.7%
AA vs QQ 85.2% 14.8%
AA vs AK 86.7% 13.3%
KK vs QQ 80.2% 19.8%
KK vs AK 54.6% 45.4%
AK vs AQ 62.4% 37.6%
AK vs 99 55.1% 44.9%
99 vs 88 55.0% 45.0%
AK vs AJ 63.4% 36.6%
QQ vs JJ 55.1% 44.9%

Pot Odds Quick Reference

Convert pot odds to equity percentage needed to call profitably

Pot Odds Implied Ratio Equity Needed
1:1 1 to 1 50.0%
2:1 2 to 1 33.3%
3:1 3 to 1 25.0%
4:1 4 to 1 20.0%
5:1 5 to 1 16.7%
10:1 10 to 1 9.1%
15:1 15 to 1 6.3%
20:1 20 to 1 4.8%

Example: If the pot is $100 and opponent bets $50, pot odds are 3:1 (need 25% equity to call). Quick calculation: $50 call into $150 total = 1/4 = 25%

Outs to Probability Conversion

Convert number of outs to win percentage

Outs Next Card Only (%) Turn + River (%) Example
2 4.3% 8.4% One overcard
4 8.5% 16.5% Gutshot
6 12.8% 24.1% Open-ended (no overcard)
8 17.0% 31.5% Straight draw + overcard
9 19.1% 35.0% Flush draw
12 25.5% 45.0% Flush + gutshot
15 31.9% 54.1% Flush + open-ended
20 42.7% 67.5% Multiple draws

Rule of 4 & 2: Outs × 4 = turn + river % | Outs × 2 = next card only % (approximate, within 1-2%)

Opening Ranges by Position

Suggested opening ranges for 6-max cash games (NL100+)

UTG Under the Gun AA-TT, AK, AQ
UTG+1 Cutoff -1 AA-99, AK, AQ, AJ
CO Cutoff AA-77, AK-AJ, KQ
BTN Button AA-22, AK-A2, KQ, KJ, QJ
SB Small Blind AA-55, AK-A5, KQ, KJ, QJ
BB Big Blind Defend vs. 2x

Key Principle: Play tighter in early position, wider in late position. Button ranges can be 3-4x wider than UTG.

Bet Sizing Guide

Standard bet sizes as a fraction of the pot

1/3 Pot
Fast play, encourage calls
Weak value, bluffs
1/2 Pot
Balanced, neutral sizing
Standard default
2/3 Pot
Strong value, protection
Stronger hands
Full Pot
Maximum value extraction
Polarized play

GTO Insight: Use consistent sizing for value and bluffs on each street to prevent exploitation. Avoid bet sizing tells.